AWWA JAW10242 ✓ Most Recent

An outbreak of typhoid fever which took place in 1972 in Yakima County, Washington is compared with 11 similar episodes of groundwater transmission of typhoid fever reported in the literature. In each case, a proven or probable typhoid carrier was identified as the source of the infection and a groundwater mode of transmission was established. The difference between these outbreaks was the distance traveled by the typhoid microbes in the soil. Distances ranged from 15 to 1800 feet. The survival time and the distance bacteria can travel in groundwater are analyzed by using a linear regression correlated with the velocity of groundwater flow in various types of soils. Includes 48 references, tables, figures. See more