CAN/CSA C448 Series-13 Historical

Preface

This is the second edition of the CSA C448 Series, Design and installation of earth energy systems. It replaces CSA Group Standards, CAN/CSA-C445-M92, Design and Installation of Earth Energy Heat Pump Systems for Residential and Other Small Buildings, and C447-94, Design and Installation of Earth Energy Heat Pump Systems for Commercial and Institutional Buildings.

Since CAN/CSA-C445 and C447, were last published, significant experience has been acquired in installation practices, thus warranting a review and a revision of the two documents. A survey of industry stakeholders conducted in 1999 identified a number of areas where change was needed.

The new CSA Group Standard, C448 Series, consists of three parts:

(a) C448.0, Design and installation of earth energy systems - Generic applications for all systems;

(b) C448.1, Design and installation of earth energy systems for commercial and institutional buildings; and

(c) C448.2, Design and installation of earth energy systems for residential and other small buildings.

C448.0 contains requirements applicable to any system within the scope of the C448 Series. C448.2 has alternative requirements for houses and small buildings. For systems within the scope of C448.2, either C448.1 or C448.2 may be followed. Underground thermal energy storage systems formerly, contained within previous editions of this Standard under C448.3, has been removed with UTS-specific information distributed among amended, distributed among, and included within C448.0 and C448.1, where appropriate.

CSA Group acknowledges the financial assistance provided by Natural Resources Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Energy, the Canadian Electricity Association, B.C. Hydro, Hydro Quebec, Manitoba Hydro, and Fortis BC in the development of this Standard.

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C448.0-13 - Design and installation of earth energy systems - Generic applications for all systems

Scope

1.1
This Standard applies to

(a) direct expansion ground source heat pumps for systems using ground heat exchangers as a thermal source or sink for heating and/or cooling, with or without a supplementary heating source; and

(b) unitary single package or split system liquid source and earth energy heat pumps for all systems using groundwater, submerged heat exchangers, or ground heat exchangers as a thermal source or sink for heating and/or cooling, with or without a supplementary heating source.

1.2
This Standard also applies to thermal energy storage systems.

1.3
This Standard applies to new and retrofit installations.

1.4
This Standard covers minimum requirements for equipment and material selection, site survey, system design, installation, testing and verification, documentation, and commissioning and decommissioning.

1.5

1.5.1
This Standard does not apply to standing column well earth energy systems. However, Annex F is intended to provide background information for anyone wishing to assess the feasibility of standing column wells.

1.5.2
This Standard does not apply to non-pressurized closed-loop systems.

1.6
The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.7
In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.

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C448.1-13 - Design and installation of earth energy systems for commercial and institutional buildings

Scope

Clause 1 of CSA C448.0 applies in this Part.

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C448.2-13 - Design and installation of earth energy systems for residential and other small buildings

Scope

Clause 1 of CSA C448.0 applies in this Part.

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